Thomas Fletcher (April 8, 1817 – February 26, 1880) was an American politician and lawyer who served as acting governor of Arkansas from November 4 to 15, 1862, following the resignation of Henry M. Rector. He was president of the Arkansas Senate from 1858 to 1864, and in exile at Washington, Arkansas until 1865.

Fletcher was born on April 8, 1817, at Nashville, Tennessee. He became prominent in the profession of law and, during the Polk administration, was appointed a United States marshal. An attorney in Hinds County, Mississippi in 1850, he later moved to Arkansas County, Arkansas. Turning to elective politics, he represented the 18th district in the Arkansas Senate from 1858 to 1864, and in the State government in exile at Washington, Arkansas until the end of the American Civil War.

Fletcher's service as acting governor of Arkansas continued from the resignation of Henry M. Rector until the inauguration of Harris Flanagin, who was chosen at the general election held on October 6, 1862. Fletcher's tenure of the office as acting governor was by virtue of his position as president of the Arkansas Senate.

After the reconstruction period ended in Arkansas, he represented the 16th district in the Arkansas Senate. In 1878 he began the practice of the law at Little Rock, Arkansas, but his career was soon afterward terminated by his death at age 62, on February 26, 1880, at Little Rock, due to complications from pneumonia.

• List of burials at Mount Holly Cemetery
• List of Freemasons
• List of governors of Arkansas
• List of people from Nashville, Tennessee
• List of pneumonia victims

• Shinn, Josiah H. (1908). "Chapter XXX: The Fletchers". Pioneers and Makers of Arkansas. Genealogical and Historical Publishing Company. pp. 240–50. LCCN 67017587. OCLC 1061981. OL 5540009M – via Internet Archive.

• Thomas Fletcher at Find a Grave