Prehistoric times

• circa 5000 BCE, first documented skull, human bones and tools found in 1945

19th century

Part of a series on the
History of Sudan
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Before 1956
Prehistory before c. 25th cent. BC Kerma culture c. 25th cent. BC  – 16th cent. BC New Kingdom of Egypt 16th cent. BC  – 9th cent. BC Kingdom of Kush 9th cent. BC  – 4th cent. AD Christian Nubian Kingdoms 6th cent. – 15th cent. Islamization c. 9th cent. – 19th cent. Turco-Egyptian Sudan 1820–1885 Mahdist State 1885–1899 Anglo-Egyptian Sudan 1899–1956
Since 1955
First Civil War 1955–1972 Republic of Sudan 1964 Revolution 1956–1969 Democratic Republic 1969 Coup 1969–1985 Second Civil War 1983–2005 Republic of Sudan 1985 Coup 1989 Coup 1986–2019 Republic of Sudan 2019 Revolution 2019 Coup 2021 Coup 2023 War 2019–present
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Timeline
v t e

• 1821 - Settlement established by Ibrahim Pasha of Egypt.
• 1824 - "Egyptian governor Uthman Bey establishes Khartoum as a military centre."
• 1826 - Ali Khurshid Pasha in power.
• 1829 - Mosque built.
• 1830 - Town becomes capital of "the Sudanese possessions of Egypt."
• 1838 - Disease outbreak; capital relocated temporarily to Shendi.
• 1840 - Flood.
• 1841 - Flood.
• 1854 - Muhammad Sa'id Pasha in power.
• 1856 - Disease outbreak; capital relocated temporarily to Shendi.
• 1862 - Chamber of Commerce established.
• 1866 - Consulates of Austria, France, Italy, Persia, and Tuscany established.
• 1869 - Flood.
• 1874 - Flood.
• 1878 - Flood.
• 1884 - 13 March: Siege of Khartoum begins.
• 1885
  • 26 January: Mahdists in power.
  • Capital relocated to Omdurman from Khartoum.
• 1898
  • 2 September: Conflict between Mahdist and British forces.
  • Seat of government relocates to Khartoum from Omdurman.
• 1899
  • Town becomes capital of Anglo-Egyptian Sudan.
  • Railway begins operating (Wadi Halfa-Khartoum).
  • Sudan Gazette (government newspaper) begins publication.

20th century

• 1902
  • Wellcome Tropical Research Laboratories and Coptic Girls School open.
  • Population: 25,000.
• 1903 - Gordon Memorial College opens.
• 1905 - Military academy opens.
• 1907 - Population: 69,349.
• 1909 - Blue Nile Road and Railway Bridge built to Halfaya.
• 1911 - Sudan Herald newspaper begins publication.
• 1912 - Cathedral Church of All Saints consecrated.
• 1913 - Famine.
• 1924
  • Demonstrations.
  • Flood.
  • Kitchener School of Medicine established.
• 1926 - White Nile Bridge to Omdurman built.
• 1928 - Unity High School for Girls founded.
• 1946 - Flood.
• 1950 - Al Khartoum Sports Club formed.
• 1952 - Acropole Hotel in business.
• 1954 - Population: 100,000 (approximate).
• 1955 - Area of city: 7.9 square kilometers.
• 1956
  • 1 January: City becomes capital of independent Republic of Sudan.
  • University of Khartoum established.
• 1957
  • Municipal Stadium opens.
  • Khartoum American School established.
• 1960 - Bank of Sudan headquartered in Khartoum.
• 1962 - Industrial Bank of Sudan opens.
• 1964 - Population: 173,500.
• 1967 - August: Arab League summit held.
• 1970
  • Area of city: 13.3 square kilometers.
  • Bank of Khartoum established.
• 1971
  • National Museum of Sudan established.
  • Population: 261,840.
• 1973
  • August: Anti-government unrest.
  • Saudi embassy held by Palestinian militants.
• 1974 - Catholic Metropolitan Archdiocese of Khartoum formed.
• 1976 - Friendship Hall built.
• 1977 - Oil pipeline to Port Sudan completed.
• 1978 - July - Organisation of African Unity summit held.
• 1980 - Area of city: 101.3 square kilometers.
• 1983
  • September: Islamic law in effect.
  • University of Juba relocates to Khartoum (approximate date).
• 1984
  • March: Teacher/doctor strike begins.
  • El-Sheikh Mosque built.
• 1985
  • March: Economic protest.
  • Population: 1,611,000 (urban agglomeration).
• 1988 - Flood.
• 1990 - Population: 2,360,000 (urban agglomeration).
• 1991
  • City becomes part of Khartoum federal state (administrative region).
  • Popular Arab and Islamic Congress held in city.
• 1992 - Khartoum International Airport terminal opens.
• 1993
  • Khartoum Bank Group formed.
  • Sudatel headquartered in Khartoum.
  • Population: 924,505 city.
• 1994 - Venezuelan criminal Carlos the Jackal arrested in Khartoum.
• 1995
  • Khartoum Stock Exchange begins trading.
  • Population: 3,088,000 (urban agglomeration).
• 1997 - Greater Nile Petroleum Operating Company incorporated.
• 1998
  • August: Al-Shifa pharmaceutical factory in Khartoum North bombed by U.S. forces.
  • Area of city: 343.8 square kilometers.
• 1999
  • Ibrahim Malik Islamic Center built.
  • Republican Palace Museum opens.
  • Greater Nile Oil Pipeline in operation.
• 2000
  • Khartoum Monitor newspaper begins publication.
  • Population: 3,505,000 (urban agglomeration).

21st century

2000s

• 2005
  • July: Demonstrations.
  • Citizen (Juba) newspaper begins publication.
  • Population: 3,979,000 (urban agglomeration).
  • City designated an Arab Capital of Culture by Arab League/UNESCO.
• 2006
  • January: African Union summit held.
  • March: Arab League summit held.
• 2007 - El Mek Nimr Bridge to Khartoum North built.
• 2008
  • 10–12 May: City besieged by anti-government forces.
  • Population: 639,598.
• 2009 - Tuti Bridge opens.

2010s

• 2010 - Population: 4,516,000 (urban agglomeration).
• 2012
  • June: Economic protest.
  • October: al-Yarmook armament factory bombed.

See also

• Khartoum history
• Timeline of Sudanese history
• List of universities in Khartoum