Timiskaming is a district and census division in Northeastern Ontario in the Canadian province of Ontario. The district was created in 1912 from parts of Algoma, Nipissing, and Sudbury districts. In 1921, Cochrane District was created from parts of this district and parts of Thunder Bay District.

It is just west of the similarly named Témiscamingue county in Quebec, which is also informally called a region, but is administratively part of a greater region named Abitibi-Témiscamingue.

Temiskaming District is home to several provincial parks.

The coureurs de bois explored and traded fur in what is now the Timiskaming District, in the 17th century.

City:

• Temiskaming Shores (Haileybury, New Liskeard, Dymond Township, North Cobalt)

Towns:

• Cobalt
• Englehart
• Kirkland Lake (Chaput Hughes, Swastika)
• Latchford

Townships:

• Armstrong (Earlton)
• Brethour
• Casey (Belle Vallée)
• Chamberlain
• Charlton and Dack
• Coleman
• Evanturel
• Gauthier (Dobie)
• Harley
• Harris
• Hilliard (Hilliardton)
• Hudson
• James (Elk Lake)
• Kerns
• Larder Lake
• Matachewan
• McGarry (Kearns, Virginiatown)

Village:

• Thornloe

Unorganized areas:

• Timiskaming, Unorganized, East Part
• Timiskaming, Unorganized, West Part (Gowganda, Kenabeek, King Kirkland, Marshall's Corners, Marter, Sesekinika, Tarzwell, Tomstown)

The following local services boards serve inhabitants of these unincorporated areas:

• Kenogami
• King-Lebel
• Maisonville
• Savard

• Matachewan 72

As a census division in the 2021 Census of Population conducted by Statistics Canada, the Timiskaming District had a population of 31,424 living in 14,132 of its 16,290 total private dwellings, a change of −2.6% from its 2016 population of 32,251. With a land area of 13,247.4 km (5,114.8 sq mi), it had a population density of 2.4/km (6.1/sq mi) in 2021.

Historical census populations – Timiskaming District

Year Pop. ±% 1921 26,657 —     1931 37,043 +39.0% 1941 50,604 +36.6% 1951 50,016 −1.2% 1956 50,264 +0.5% 1961 50,971 +1.4%	Year Pop. ±% 1966 47,154 −7.5% 1971 46,485 −1.4% 1976 43,704 −6.0% 1981 41,288 −5.5% 1986 40,307 −2.4% 1991 38,983 −3.3%	Year Pop. ±% 1996 37,807 −3.0% 2001 34,442 −8.9% 2006 33,283 −3.4% 2011 32,634 −1.9% 2016 32,251 −1.2% 2021 31,424 −2.6%
Population counts are not adjusted for boundary changes. Source: Statistics Canada

The district seat is in Temiskaming Shores.

Along with portions of the neighbouring district, Cochrane, Timiskaming is represented in the Legislative Assembly of Ontario by John Vanthof. In the House of Commons of Canada, the district is divided between Nipissing—Timiskaming, represented by Anthony Rota, in the south, and Timmins-James Bay, represented by Charlie Angus, in the north. A very small portion of the district also belongs to the riding of Nickel Belt.

• List of townships in Ontario
• List of secondary schools in Ontario#Timiskaming District

• Tembrella.com
• Ontario Highway 11 Homepage - Timiskaming District (community profiles)
• Map of historic geographic townships in Timiskaming District
• Timiskaming Community Health Network