The station consists of one ground-level island platform serving a two tracks, connected to the station building by an underground passage. The station has a Midori no Madoguchi staffed ticket office.
Toyoshina Station opened on 6 January 1915. With the privatization of Japanese National Railways (JNR) on 1 April 1987, the station came under the control of JR East. The station building was remodelled in 2007.
Passenger statistics
In fiscal 2015, the station was used by an average of 940 passengers daily (boarding passengers only).