The Ufa (Russian: Уфа; Bashkir: Ҡариҙел, romanized: Qariźel, lit. 'the Black Idel') is a river in the Ural Mountains, Chelyabinsk Oblast, Sverdlovsk Oblast, and the Republic of Bashkortostan in Russia; a right tributary of the river Belaya. It is 918 kilometres (570 mi) long, and its basin covers 53,100 square kilometres (20,500 sq mi). It freezes up between late October and early December and stays ice-bound until April or May. Pavlovka Hydroelectric Station is on the Ufa. The river's water is widely used for water supply. The main ports are Krasnoufimsk and Ufa (at the mouth of the river).

The largest tributaries of the Ufa are, from source to mouth:

• Serga (right)
• Bisert (right)
• Ay (left)
• Tyuy (right)
• Yuryuzan (left)
• Usa (right)