July 13: Kashmir Martyrs' Day in Pakistan

Harold Macmillan

• 1586 – Anglo–Spanish War: A convoy of English ships from the Levant Company repelled a fleet of Spanish and Maltese galleys at the Battle of Pantelleria.
• 1831 – Wallachian officials adopted the Regulamentul Organic, which engendered a period of reforms that provided for the westernization of the local society.
• 1943 – World War II: Operation Fustian, an Allied operation to capture the Primosole Bridge in Sicily, was launched.
• 1962 – In an unprecedented reshuffle, British prime minister Harold Macmillan (pictured) dismissed seven members of his cabinet.
• 1992 – Croatian War of Independence: The Croatian Army concluded Operation Tiger, advancing 17 kilometres (11 miles) into the Dubrovnik hinterland.

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Hermanus Johannes Lovink

• ... that Dutch agriculturist Hermanus Johannes Lovink (pictured) used a suitcase gramophone during his lectures?
• ... that the Vancouver School Board's alleged attempt to censor a student newspaper led to the drafting of a press-freedom act?
• ... that fans on TikTok were behind the choice of name for one of SZA's singles?
• ... that when sales slowed on the Texas Centennial half dollar, Senator Tom Connally suggested minting five separate versions?
• ... that the Green Bay Packers once had fourteen players selected to a national All-Pro team?
• ... that Philippine dictator Ferdinand Marcos bought New York City's Crown Building because of a tearful plea?
• ... that the magazine Acoustic Guitar said that Dan Erlewine "might be the most famous guitar repairperson on earth"?
• ... that models in the runway show for Nihilism by Alexander McQueen were dressed in plastic, locusts, rust, and clay?
• ... that literary critic Leslie Fiedler called the novel Band of Angels "operatic in the worst sense of the word"?

Alan Wace (13 July 1879 – 9 November 1957) was an English archaeologist who served as director of the British School at Athens between 1914 and 1923. He excavated widely in Thessaly, Laconia and Egypt, and at the Bronze Age site of Mycenae in Greece. Along with Carl Blegen, Wace argued against the established scholarly view that Minoan Crete had dominated mainland Greek culture during the Bronze Age. His excavations at Mycenae in the early 1920s established a chronology for the site's domed tombs that largely proved his theory correct. Wace served as the Laurence Professor of Classical Archaeology at the University of Cambridge between 1934 and 1944, and ended his career at Alexandria's Farouk I University. During both world wars, he worked for the British intelligence services, including as a section head for MI6 during the Second World War. His daughter, Lisa French, also became an archaeologist and excavated at Mycenae. (Full article...)