The Alfred Hospital, (also known as The Alfred or Alfred Hospital) is a leading tertiary hospital in Melbourne, Victoria. It is the second oldest hospital in Victoria after Melbourne Hospital which is still operating on its original site. The hospital is one of two major adult trauma centers in Victoria and houses the largest intensive care unit in Australia. In 2021 it was ranked as one of the world's best hospitals.

The Alfred Hospital is a major teaching hospital affiliated with Monash University. Alfred Health manages The Alfred Hospital along with Caulfield Hospital and Sandringham Hospital.

The "Hospital by the Yarra", founded in 1871, was named after Prince Alfred after he was shot in an unsuccessful assassination attempt while on a royal visit to Australia. The Royal Prince Alfred Hospital in Sydney, New South Wales is also named after the prince.

In 1957, The Alfred was the first hospital in Australia to place a patient on cardiopulmonary bypass to treat complex cardiac lesions.

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The Alfred Hospital, administered by the Metropolitan Health Service Alfred Health, offers medical services including cancer treatment, asthma management, psychiatry, allergy care, cardiology, and neurosurgery. It houses an Intensive Care Unit and also provides facilities for adult cystic fibrosis services and an adult burns center. The Alfred Hospital hosts both adult heart and lung transplantation services as well as a pediatric lung transplantation service.

The Alfred also collaborates with the Alfred Research Alliance, a consortium of medical research institutions located onsite.

Some of the specialty units within The Alfred Hospital include:

• Adult Cystic Fibrosis Unit
• Allergy, Asthma and Clinical Immunology – unique in Australia
• Helen Macpherson Smith Burns Unit – unique in Victoria
• Infectious Diseases Unit – includes state HIV/AIDS service
• Lung Transplant Unit – second largest in the world
• Psychiatry Unit accommodating 60 acute inpatients, including two APICSS (Alfred Psychiatry Intensive Care Statewide Service) beds
• State Major Trauma Service – including road trauma center
• The Heart Centre – World Health Organization Centre for Research and Training
• Largest Mechanical Circulatory Support Service in Australasia (Ventricular Assist Devices)
• Largest Adult ECMO center in Australia
• Largest Hyperbaric unit in the Southern hemisphere
• William Buckland Radiotherapy Centre – Specialists in Brachytherapy, Stereotactic Radiosurgery and General External Beam Therapy.
• Interventional Radiology - Australia's largest uterine fibroid embolization (UFE) program.

• Deakin University's Centre for Quality and Patient Safety Research

• List of hospitals in Australia
• Healthcare in Australia

• Mitchell, Ann M (1977). The hospital south of the Yarra : a history of Alfred Hospital Melbourne from foundation to the nineteen-forties. Melbourne: Alfred Hospital. ISBN 095965030X.
• Alfred Hospital School of Nursing 1880-1980. Melbourne: Alfred Hospital. 1980. OCLC 849231384.