Cuyapo [ˌkujaˈpɔ(ʔ)], officially the Municipality of Cuyapo (Ilocano: Ili ti Cuyapo; Tagalog: Bayan ng Cuyapo), is a 1st class municipality in the province of Nueva Ecija, Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 68,066 people.

Cuyapo is 53 kilometres (33 mi) from Cabanatuan, 67 kilometres (42 mi) from Palayan, and 169 kilometres (105 mi) from Manila.

Cuyapo is named after the water cabbage (Pistia stratiotes) which is known in Pangasinense as kuyapo. The district of Quiapo, Manila is also named after the same plant, this is the Tagalog counterpart, modern spelling kiyapo.

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Pangasinenses from Paniqui, Tarlac who used to pasture their cattle, other Pangasinenses from Calasiao and San Carlos, Pangasinan, Ilocano foresters from Santa Maria, Narvacan, Ilocos Sur; Paoay and Batac in Ilocos Norte; and some Tagalogs from Bulacan & south Nueva Ecija settled in great number in the town. It is said that the exodus, particularly from Ilocos Sur, was due to the forced labor enforced by the Spaniards in the construction of the Catholic Church in Santa Maria, Ilocos Sur. Cuyapo was declared a Barrio of Rosales on September 25, 1849, with Senior Santiago Vergara as its first Teniente del Barrio. Rosales was then a part of Nueva Ecija. It was in 1901 during the American Civil Commission that Rosales, together with Balungao, Umingan, San Quintin, were segregated from Nueva Ecija and became parts of Pangasinan.

On October 29, 1859, Cuyapo was separated from Rosales, Pangasinan and made a full-fledged town with Don Juan Pangalilingan as the first Gobernadorcillo. It was during his term that the first Catholic Church and convent was constructed. The old road to Guimba, passing through what is now Barangay Maycaban was constructed. On October 29, 1959, Cuyapo celebrated the centennial of its creation as a town.

On July 1, 1898, Gen. Mariano Llanera, then Military Governor of Nueva Ecija, appointed Don Marcelo Garcia, last Capitan Municipal during the Spanish Regime, as Presidente Municipal with Don Mariano Flores, last Teniente Mayor, as Vise Presidente Municipal. Later, under the supervisonal government, election of municipal officials was held. This revolutionary period of government existed until the American forces came in November 1898. It was during this period when the people showed their patriotism and loyalty to the cause of the revolution. On June 19, 1898, two to three hundred Cuyapenos, under Teniente Isabelo del Valle of Paniqui, Tarlac, answered the call of duty and ambushed a heavily armed contingent of Spanish Cazadores who came from Rosales en route to Tarlac in Bessang (now part of Barangay Maycaban. The Cuyapenos then had only fifteen (15) Remington rifles and the rest armed with bolos.

Cuyapo is politically subdivided into 51 barangays. Each barangay consists of puroks and some have sitios.

Population census of Cuyapo

Year Pop. ±% p.a. 1903 16,292 —     1918 19,344 +1.15% 1939 24,570 +1.15% 1948 28,923 +1.83% 1960 30,634 +0.48% 1970 34,793 +1.28% 1975 39,109 +2.37% 1980 39,654 +0.28%	Year Pop. ±% p.a. 1990 43,103 +0.84% 1995 49,791 +2.74% 2000 51,366 +0.67% 2007 55,456 +1.06% 2010 59,396 +2.53% 2015 65,039 +1.74% 2020 68,066 +0.90%
Source: Philippine Statistics Authority

Poverty incidence of Cuyapo

5 10 15 20 25 30 2006 26.10 2009 27.24 2012 21.31 2015 21.35 2018 5.90 2021 14.93 Source: Philippine Statistics Authority

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• Apolinario Mabini Marker (Cuyapo) - Site of the arrest of Philippine hero Apolinario Mabini, known as “the sublime paralytic,” by the Americans on December 10, 1899.
• Armando's Garden Resort and Villas
• Colosboa Hills - Tagged as the “New Zealand of Cuyapo” the “Colosboa Hills” is a vast green mountain range perfect for camping, photoshoots, and a biking destination. located at Barangay Colosboa in the Municipality of Cuyapo. Colosboa Hills, Cuyapo, Nueva Ecija.
• Mount Bulaylay Zipline - located at Brgy. Landig, Cuyapo, Nueva Ecija. Mt. Bulaylay and Mt. Bangkay. These towering mounds of rock and soil hold another new adventure destination in Nueva Ecija. Mt. Bulaylay, towering at 286 meters above sea level, is a multi-peak mountain with zipline equipment that can whisk a tandem ride
• Paitan Lake - located at Paitan Sur, Cuyapo, Nueva Ecija. A serene lake that holds a mystical past poise as a next tourist destination too – that is Paitang Lake discovered by Don Cornelio Sumangil in 1885. Roughly about 15-18 kilometers from Cuyapo’s town proper.

Public Schools:

Private Schools:

Public Schools:

Villaflores Integrated School

Private Schools:

• Cuyapo Website
• Philippine Standard Geographic Code
• Philippine Census Information
• Local Governance Performance Management System