Talugtug, officially the Municipality of Talugtug (Ilocano: Ili ti Talugtug; Tagalog: Bayan ng Talugtug), is a municipality in the province of Nueva Ecija, Philippines. According to the 2020 census, it has a population of 25,236 people.

The oldest settlement in the town was a hill top near the present-day Cuyapo-Munos trail, where a sacred balete tree stood and travelers and farmers came to rest. The area later became known as Talugtug-Balete, which became a barrio of the Municipality of Cuyapo in 1917. A part of the barrio was later absorbed into the Municipality of Guimba and became the barrio of San Isidro. During this time, Mariano Mendoza, Pablo Dacayo, Andres Dumandan and Severino Cachuela became the teniente del barrio of old Talugtug. After World War II, members of the town held a meeting on November 3, 1946, to launch the created of a proposed municipality. The meeting was chaired by Romualdo Estillore, with aid from officers Aniceto Feliciano, Simeon Ramos and Fermin Ancheta, while the campaign for the town's creation was heavily supported by the locals. The proposal was presented to the provincial board on December 6, 1946, and approved on February 12, 1947. On January 10, 1948, President Manuel Roxas signed executive order no. 113, officially creating Talutug as the 26th municipality of Nueva Ecija. In 1982, the Talugtug massacre occurred, where the Marcos-controlled military killed-off a number of Ilocanos in the town.

The municipality is situated in the northern part of Nueva Ecija, about 71 kilometres (44 mi) from the seat of the provincial government in Palayan City; 169 kilometres (105 mi) from Manila; and 29 kilometres (18 mi) from the nearby City of San Jose. It is bounded on the South by the Municipality of Guimba; on the southeast by the Science City of Muñoz; on the west by Cuyapo, on the east by Lupao, all of which are in the province of Nueva Ecija. On the northernmost side of Talugtug is the boundary of Pangasinan with the municipality of Umingan. Talugtug has a total land area of 10,122.2324 hectares (25,012.581 acres).

Talugtug is characterized by hilly and rolling land in the north-eastern and north-western section of the municipality covering almost 7 barangays. The foot of two mountain ranges, namely Mt. Baloy (with peak in Cuyapo) and Mt. Amorong (with peak in Umingan, Pangasinan) occupies its hilly and rolling areas.

About 70% of the land is flat and constitutes the agricultural area of the municipality, where almost 75% of its total rice production comes from.

Talugtug is politically subdivided into 28 barangays. Each barangay consists of puroks and some have sitios.

Population census of Talugtug

Year Pop. ±% p.a. 1948 5,127 —     1960 8,808 +4.61% 1970 10,702 +1.96% 1975 12,225 +2.70% 1980 11,734 −0.82% 1990 14,106 +1.86%	Year Pop. ±% p.a. 1995 18,119 +4.80% 2000 18,895 +0.90% 2007 20,671 +1.25% 2010 21,291 +1.08% 2015 23,817 +2.16% 2020 25,236 +1.14%
Source: Philippine Statistics Authority

Poverty incidence of Talugtug

10 20 30 40 50 2006 42.20 2009 36.03 2012 28.50 2015 23.86 2018 5.28 2021 12.87 Source: Philippine Statistics Authority

The municipality's status is currently fourth class. Majority of the inhabitants rely mainly on farming from their small farm holdings while the rest depend on pasturing animals.

• Philippine Standard Geographic Code
• Philippine Census Information
• Local Governance Performance Management System