File:Economics Gini Coefficient2.svg
Inequality is implied when the curve is below the 45-degree line: At the left, the percentage of people is higher than the percent of income they receive (i.e. 10% of the people getting 5% of the total income); at the right, the percent of income received rises more than the percent of people receiving it.
The area above the Lorenz curve -- marked "A" -- is shaded differently from the area below the curve -- marked "B". This simplifies the mathematical explanation of the gini coefficient, which is A/(A+B)