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  • 21 Aug, 2019

  • By, Wikipedia

Luxembourg In The Eurovision Song Contest 1975
Luxembourg has participated in the Eurovision Song Contest 38 times since its debut at the first contest in 1956. The Luxembourgish national broadcaster, RTL Lëtzebuerg (RTL), participates in the contest representing the country. The nation participated in all but one event between 1956 and 1993, only missing the 1959 contest. After finishing among the bottom seven countries in 1993, Luxembourg was relegated and prevented from competing in 1994. The nation declined to return to the contest in 1995, and would make no further appearances over the next three decades. The country returned to the event for the first time in 31 years in 2024.

With five wins, Luxembourg is one of the contest's most successful nations, and between 1983 and 1994 the nation jointly held the record for most contest wins by a single country. Luxembourg won the Eurovision Song Contest in 1961, with the song "Nous les amoureux" performed by Jean-Claude Pascal, in 1965, with the song "Poupée de cire, poupée de son" performed by France Gall, recorded back-to-back wins in 1972 and 1973, when represented by "Après toi" by Vicky Leandros and "Tu te reconnaîtras" by Anne-Marie David, and most recently in 1983, with the song "Si la vie est cadeau" performed by Corinne Hermès. The contest has been held in Luxembourg four times, in 1962, 1966, 1973, and 1984, all of which took place in Luxembourg City. In addition to its five wins, Luxembourg recorded two third-place finishes in 1962 and 1986, and in total has placed within the top five 13 times and the top ten 20 times. Luxembourg's fortunes in the contest changed in later years, with the nation's final seven appearances in the 1980s and 1990s resulting in four placements in the bottom five, ultimately leading to the nation's relegation and subsequent non-participation in 1993. On its return in 2024, Luxembourg qualified from the semi-finals and ultimately finished in 13th place in the final.

Contest history

Participation in the Eurovision Song Contest is open to members of the European Broadcasting Union (EBU). Between 1956 and 1993, Compagnie Luxembourgeoise de Télédiffusion (CLT) participated in the contest on behalf of Luxembourg; since 2024, RTL Lëtzebuerg, a division of the RTL Group, participates in the event representing the country.

One of seven countries to take part in the inaugural edition of the Eurovision Song Contest in 1956, Luxembourg has competed in the contest on 38 occasions since its debut entry. The nation participated in all but one event between 1956 and 1993, with no Luxembourgish entry having participated in the 1959 contest. On each occasion that Luxembourg participated in the contest the country was represented by one song, with the exception of the first contest when each nation was represented by two songs.

France Gall, winner of the 1965 contest, presenting the winner's medal to Austria's Udo Jürgens at the 1966 contest held in Luxembourg City.

Luxembourg has won the contest on five occasions, marking it as one of the contest's most successful nations. The country's first win was recorded in 1961 with the song "Nous les amoureux" performed by Jean-Claude Pascal. Four years later the nation were awarded a second victory, with the song "Poupée de cire, poupée de son" performed by France Gall winning the contest in 1965. Luxembourg recorded back-to-back victories in 1972 and 1973 – becoming the second country to win the event in two consecutive events – when represented by the song "Après toi" performed by Vicky Leandros, and "Tu te reconnaîtras" by Anne-Marie David, respectively. The nation achieved its most recent victory in 1983, with the song "Si la vie est cadeau" performed by Corinne Hermès. With its fifth win Luxembourg became the joint-most successful Eurovision nation at that time, equalling the record for the most number of victories by a single country previously set by France – a record which would remain until Ireland recorded their sixth win in 1994. All of Luxembourg's winners, however, were not of Luxembourgish descent, with four of the five artists being French and one, Leandros, being Greek.

During its original participation run between 1956 and 1993 the rules of the contest for the majority of those editions stated that each country was required to perform in one of the national languages of that country. The large majority of Luxembourgish entries were performed in French, which is one of the official languages of Luxembourg and the main language of communication in the country, while Luxembourgish, the country's national language, has featured in only three of the country's entries, in 1960, 1992, and 1993.

Including its five wins, Luxembourg has placed within the top five on 13 occasions and within the top ten on 20 occasions, including two third-place finishes in 1962 and 1986. The majority of the country's top placings, however, were recorded prior to its fifth contest win, and in the decade following its most recent victory Luxembourg's fortunes in the contest began to shift, leading to four appearances in the bottom five between 1987 and 1993.

Relegation, absence and return

After finishing among the bottom seven countries at the 1993 event, Luxembourg was relegated under a new system to accommodate entries from new nations wishing to compete for the first time, and was thus prevented from participating in the 1994 contest. Luxembourg subsequently declined to participate in the 1995 event and continued to be absent from the contest for three decades, with the increased costs of participating in the event cited as a main contributing factor for the country's absence. Ahead of the 2004 event Luxembourg was featured within a preliminary participants list for that edition, however, RTL subsequently reconsidered due to the scale of the participation fee, with Luxembourg ultimately absent from the final list of participating countries. RTL had been approached on several occasions in subsequent years about the possibility of returning to the contest and participation in the contest was the subject of discussion within the Luxembourgish parliament in the years following Luxembourg's last entry, as well as the subject of fan-led petitions run both in Luxembourg and in other countries. The organisation however varyingly identified high participation costs, organisational difficulties, the cost and logistical issues of staging the event should Luxembourg win, format incompatibilities at the broadcaster, disinterest among the Luxembourgish viewing public and poor results towards the end of Luxembourg's participation among the reasons future participation was consistently ruled out. In an interview with Luxemburger Wort in April 2024, Luxembourgish singer Thierry Mersch [lb] revealed that he had been contacted by Sammarinese broadcaster San Marino RTV to create a duet that would represent both countries jointly in the 2015 contest. Despite the initial availability of Luxembourgish minister of Culture, the project was ultimately discarded for financial reasons.

On 15 December 2022, it was reported that Xavier Bettel, the Luxembourgish prime minister and minister for communications and media, had instigated discussions with RTL regarding the return of Luxembourg to the Eurovision Song Contest in 2024, with a team within the Luxembourgish government formed to facilitate the country's return to the event. On 12 May 2023, ahead of the final of the 2023 contest, the 30th anniversary of Luxembourg's last entry and the 40th anniversary of Luxembourg's last win, RTL and the EBU announced that Luxembourg would return to the contest in 2024. As part of the announcement RTL and the Luxembourgish government highlighted the promotion of Luxembourgish culture, the development of the cultural section of Luxembourgish society, as well as economic and touristic benefits which participation in the event could bring.

In July 2023, RTL launched its national selection process, with a televised final held on 27 January 2024 at the Rockhal in Esch-sur-Alzette. Interested artists were able to apply to compete in the event, with applicants required to be Luxembourgish citizens, long-term residents, or those with a proven connection to the Luxembourgish music scene and strong involvement with Luxembourgish culture. This marked a change from the majority of previous Luxembourgish Eurovision selections, which were predominantly held internally and were often led by the RTL organisation in Paris rather than by the local Luxembourgish broadcaster. As a result, a large number of the artists which represented Luxembourg at Eurovision were not of Luxembourgish descent, including all five of the nation's winning artists. The Luxembourg Song Contest was officially launched on 1 December 2023, with RTL highlighting the event as a showcase for Luxembourgish talent and a platform for established and emerging artists within the Luxembourgish music scene. Following qualification to the final and a 13th place finish at the contest in Malmö, Sweden, David Gloesener, RTL's Eurovision coordinator in Malmö, confirmed that Luxembourg would participate in the 2025 contest in Switzerland and work had already begun to determine its entrant.

Participation overview

Table key
1 First place
3 Third place
◁ Last place
† Upcoming event
Participation history
Year Artist Song Language Final Points Semi Points
1956 Michèle Arnaud "Ne crois pas" French — — No semi-finals
"Les Amants de minuit" French
1957 Danièle Dupré "Tant de peine" French 4 8
1958 Solange Berry [fr] "Un grand amour" French 9 ◁ 1
1960 Camillo Felgen "So laang we's du do bast" Luxembourgish 13 ◁ 1
1961 Jean-Claude Pascal "Nous les amoureux" French 1 31
1962 Camillo Felgen "Petit bonhomme" French 3 11
1963 Nana Mouskouri "À force de prier" French 8 13
1964 Hugues Aufray "Dès que le printemps revient" French 4 14
1965 France Gall "Poupée de cire, poupée de son" French 1 32
1966 Michèle Torr "Ce soir je t'attendais" French 10 7
1967 Vicky Leandros "L'amour est bleu" French 4 17
1968 Chris Baldo [lb] and Sophie Garel [fr] "Nous vivrons d'amour" French 11 5
1969 Romuald "Catherine" French 11 7
1970 David Alexandre Winter "Je suis tombé du ciel" French 12 ◁ 0
1971 Monique Melsen "Pomme, pomme, pomme" French 13 70
1972 Vicky Leandros "Après toi" French 1 128
1973 Anne-Marie David "Tu te reconnaîtras" French 1 129
1974 Ireen Sheer "Bye Bye I Love You" French 4 14
1975 Géraldine "Toi" French 5 84
1976 Jürgen Marcus "Chansons pour ceux qui s'aiment" French 14 17
1977 Anne-Marie B [fr] "Frère Jacques" French 16 17
1978 Baccara "Parlez-vous français ?" French 7 73
1979 Jeane Manson "J'ai déjà vu ça dans tes yeux" French 13 44
1980 Sophie and Magaly "Papa Pingouin" French 9 56
1981 Jean-Claude Pascal "C'est peut-être pas l'Amérique" French 11 41
1982 Svetlana "Cours après le temps" French 6 78
1983 Corinne Hermès "Si la vie est cadeau" French 1 142
1984 Sophie Carle "100% d'amour" French 10 39
1985 Margo [nl], Franck Olivier [fr], Chris Roberts,
Malcolm Roberts, Ireen Sheer and Diane Solomon 		"Children, Kinder, Enfants" French 13 37
1986 Sherisse Laurence "L'Amour de ma vie" French 3 117
1987 Plastic Bertrand "Amour amour" French 21 4
1988 Lara Fabian "Croire" French 4 90
1989 Park Café "Monsieur" French 20 8
1990 Céline Carzo "Quand je te rêve" French 13 38
1991 Sarah Bray [fr] "Un baiser volé" French 14 29
1992 Marion Welter and Kontinent "Sou fräi" Luxembourgish 21 10
1993 Modern Times "Donne-moi une chance" French, Luxembourgish 20 11 Kvalifikacija za Millstreet
2024 Tali "Fighter" French, English 13 103 5 117
2025 TBD January 2025 † Upcoming †

Congratulations: 50 Years of the Eurovision Song Contest

Further information: Congratulations: 50 Years of the Eurovision Song Contest

A special competition was held in October 2005 to celebrate the contest's 50th anniversary, with 14 songs from Eurovision history competing to determine the most popular song from the contest's first 50 years, with the winner determined through the combined votes of the viewing public and juries over two rounds. The contest was not relayed by a Luxembourgish broadcaster; however, Luxembourg's winning song from 1965, "Poupée de cire, poupée de son", performed by France Gall, was featured among the 14 selected songs.

Participation history at Congratulations: 50 Years of the Eurovision Song Contest
Artist Song Language At Congratulations At Eurovision
Final Points Semi Points Year Place Points
France Gall "Poupée de cire, poupée de son" French Failed to qualify 14 ◁ 37 1965 1 32

Hostings

Luxembourgish actress and television presenter Désirée Nosbusch (pictured in 2018) was nineteen years old when she hosted the 1984 contest, becoming the youngest presenter in the contest's history.
Upon Luxembourg's return to the contest in 2024, she became the first Luxembourgish spokesperson to appear in vision during the contest.

As is customary the winning broadcaster is offered the opportunity to organise the following year's event, which has resulted in Luxembourg hosting the contest on four occasions. On each occasion the contest was held in Luxembourg City, and coincided with one of Luxembourg's victories. The 1962 and 1966 events were held in the Grand Auditorium of Villa Louvigny and presented by Mireille Delannoy and Josiane Shen, respectively. The 1973 and 1984 contests were held in the Grand Théâtre de Luxembourg (also known at the time as the Nouveau Théâtre and Théâtre Municipal) and presented by Helga Guitton and Désirée Nosbusch, respectively. Although Luxembourg won the contest in 1973 and were offered the opportunity to stage the 1974 event, RTL declined the offer due to the financial strain of hosting two consecutive events, leading to the BBC to step in as organiser and staging the event in Brighton.

Year Location Venue Executive producer Director Musical director Presenter Ref.
1962 Luxembourg City Grand Auditorium de RTL, Villa Louvigny — Jos Pauly and René Steichen [lb] Jean Roderes Mireille Delannoy
1966 Josiane Shen
1973 Nouveau Théâtre René Steichen Pierre Cao Helga Guitton
1984 Théâtre Municipal Ray van Cant Désirée Nosbusch

Heads of delegation

Each participating broadcaster in the Eurovision Song Contest assigns a head of delegation as the EBU's contact person and the leader of their delegation at the event. The delegation, whose size can greatly vary, includes a head of press, the performers, songwriters, composers, and backing vocalists, among others. At the 2024 contest the Luxembourgish Head of Delegation was Eric Lehmann.

Conductors

In contests where an orchestra was provided, a conductor was required to lead the musicians during each country's performance. Broadcasters were able to provide their own conductors or could call upon the services of the conductor appointed by the host broadcaster. The conductors which led the orchestra during the Luxembourgish entries each year are listed below.

Conductors
Year Conductor Ref.
1956 Jacques Lasry
1957 Willy Berking
1958 Dolf van der Linden
1960 Eric Robinson
1961 Léo Chauliac
1962 Jean Roderes
1963 Eric Robinson
1964 Jacques Denjean
1965 Alain Goraguer
1966 Jean Roderes
1967 Claude Denjean
1968 André Borly
1969 Augusto Algueró
1970 Raymond Lefèvre
1971 Jean Claudric
1972 Klaus Munro
1973 Pierre Cao
1974 Charles Blackwell
1975 Phil Coulter
1976 Jo Plée
1977 Johnny Arthey
1978 Rolf Soja
1979 Hervé Roy
1980 Norbert Daum
1981 Joël Rocher
1982 Jean Claudric
1983 Michel Bernholc
1984 Pascal Stive
1985 Norbert Daum
1986 Rolf Soja
1987 Alec Mansion
1988 Régis Dupré
1989 Benoît Kaufman
1990 Thierry Durbet
1991 Francis Goya
1992 Christian Jacob
1993 Francis Goya

Jury members

Each participating broadcaster assembles a five-member jury panel consisting of music industry professionals for the Eurovision Song Contest, ranking all entries except their own. The modern incarnation of jury voting was introduced beginning with the 2009 contest, and as of 2023, the juries' votes constitute 50% of the overall result in the final alongside televoting.

Jury members
Year 1st member 2nd member 3rd member 4th member 5th member Ref.
2024
 Patrick Greis Alfred Nicolas Medernach Germain Leon Martin Irem Sosay [lb] Vanessa Cum

Commentators and spokespersons

RTL has broadcast the contest on various television and radio channels during its participation history and has provided commentary in different languages for the local audiences. On occasion commentary has been relayed from the broadcast feed of other participating countries. Between 1956 and 1991 the contest was broadcast on the French-language television channel of RTL (presently known as RTL9), and was also broadcast on the German-language television channel (previously known as RTL plus, now titled RTL) between 1984 and 1988; in 1992 and 1993 the contest was broadcast on the Luxembourgish-language channel RTL Hei Elei. The contest is also known to have been broadcast on RTL's radio stations, in 1966 on the French-language Radio Luxembourg, in 1973 on the Luxembourgish-language Radio Luxembourg [lb] and English-language Radio Luxembourg, and in 1979 on the German-language RTL Radio. Upon its return to the contest in 2024, RTL provided a wide array of broadcast options through television, radio and online streaming, with English, French and Luxembourgish language commentators recruited to provide context during the live shows.

As part of the contest's voting procedure, each participating broadcaster nominates a spokesperson which announces the results of their country's vote during the final. Since 1994 the spokespersons have been connected through satellite links, which replaced the use of telephone lines in previous events. Désirée Nosbusch, who had previously presented the 1984 contest, served as Luxembourg's spokesperson upon the country's return in 2024, and thus became the first Luxembourgish spokesperson to be seen in person during the contest.

Television commentators and spokespersons
Year Channel(s) Commentator(s) Spokesperson Ref.
1956 Télé-Luxembourg Un­known No spokesperson
1957 Un­known
1958
1959 Did not participate
1960 Un­known
1961 Robert Beauvais
1962 Un­known
1963 Pierre Tchernia
1964 Robert Beauvais
1965 Un­known
1966 Camillo Felgen
1967 Un­known
1968
1969
1970
1971 No spokesperson
1972 Jacques Navadic
1973 RTL Télé-Luxembourg Un­known
1974 Un­known
1975
1976
1977
1978 Jacques Navadic and André Torrent [fr]
1979 Un­known
1980 Jacques Navadic
1981 Un­known
1982 Jacques Navadic and Marylène Bergmann [fr]
1983 RTL Télévision Un­known
1984 RTL Télévision, RTL plus
1985 Valérie Sarn [fr] (RTL Télévision)
Oliver Spiecker [de] (RTL plus)
1986 Unknown (RTL Télévision)
Matthias Krings [de] (RTL plus)
1987
1988 Un­known
1989 RTL Télévision
1990 Valérie Sarn
1991 RTL TV, RTL Lorraine Un­known
1992 RTL Hei Elei Romain Goerend [lb]
1993
1994–2023 No broadcast Did not participate N/A
2024 RTL and RTL Radio [lb] (all shows) Raoul Roos and Roger Saurfeld (Luxembourgish) Désirée Nosbusch
RTL Today (all shows) Sarah Tapp and Meredith Moss (English)
RTL Infos (semi-final, final) Jerôme Didelot and Emma Sorgato (French)

Creative directors

As part of the broadcaster's delegation team, a creative director may be employed to provide guidance on the staging of the competing entry at the Eurovision Song Contest. At the 2024 contest RTL collaborated with the Ukrainian director German Nenov on the staging of the Luxembourgish entry in Malmö.

Notes and references

Notes

  1. ^ The 1956 contest had secret voting and, apart from the winner, no results were released.
  2. ^ Entry conducted by the host country's musical director
  3. ^ Commentary provided by France's RTF
  4. ^ Confirmed by host Josiane Shen during the broadcast.

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