Naumburg (Saale) Hauptbahnhof is located in the German state of Saxony-Anhalt and is classified by Deutsche Bahn as a category 3 station. The station is part of the zone of the Mitteldeutscher Verkehrsverbund (Central German Transport Association) and is the main station of the Burgenlandkreis (district).

The station was opened in 1846, when the Thuringian Railway went into operation. The Naumburg–Reinsdorf railway was opened on 1 October 1889. This line once connected to the Sangerhausen–Erfurt railway. Finally, the Naumburg–Teuchern railway opened on 28 June 1900. This connects to the Weißenfels–Zeitz railway.

The Intercity-Express services are formed ICE T and ICE 4 sets. The Intercity (IC) services are operated with class 146 or 147 locomotives with IC double-decker coaches. Until 2015, regional services were operated with locomotives of class 182, hauling y-Wagen ("y-coaches", also known as "Halberstadt" coaches). Since 13 December 2015, Bombardier Talent 2 electric multiple units have been used, with the exception of the Naumburg–Reinsdorf railway (RB 77), where Alstom Coradia LINT diesel multiple units are used, and RE 18, which is operated with class 146 locomotives with double-deck coaches.

Train class	Route	Frequency	Operator
ICE 11	Munich – Stuttgart – Frankfurt – Erfurt – Naumburg – Halle – Berlin	One train	DB Fernverkehr
IC 17	(Warnemünde –) Rostock – Neustrelitz – Berlin – Leipzig – Halle – Naumburg – Nuremberg – Passau – Vienna	One train pair	DB Fernverkehr, ÖBB
ICE 28	Hamburg – Berlin – Leipzig – Weißenfels – Naumburg – Jena Paradies	One train pair	DB Fernverkehr
	Jena Paradies – Naumburg – Weißenfels – Leipzig – Berlin – Ostseebad Binz	One train
IC 51	Leipzig – Weißenfels – Naumburg – Erfurt – Kassel-Wilhelmshöhe– Dortmund – Cologne	Some trains
	Leipzig – Weißenfels – Naumburg – Erfurt – Eisenach – Frankfurt(Main)Süd – Darmstadt – Heidelberg – Karlsruhe	One train
IC 61	Leipzig – Weißenfels – Naumburg – Jena Paradies – Nuremberg – Stuttgart – Karlsruhe	120 min
RE 16	Halle – Merseburg – Weißenfels – Naumburg – Großheringen – Apolda – Weimar – Erfurt	120 min	Abellio
RE 17	Naumburg – Apolda – Weimar – Erfurt	120 min
RE 18	Halle – Merseburg – Weißenfels – Naumburg – Bad Kösen – Jena Paradies – Jena-Göschwitz	120 min	DB Regio Südost
RE 42	Leipzig – Weißenfels – Naumburg – Jena Paradies – Saalfeld – Lichtenfels – Bamberg – Nuremberg	120 min	DB Regio Bayern
RB 20	Leipzig – Bad Dürrenberg – Weißenfels – Naumburg – Weimar – Erfurt – Gotha – Eisenach	60 min	Abellio
RB 25	Halle – Merseburg – Weißenfels – Naumburg – Bad Kösen – Camburg – Jena Paradies – Orlamünde – Saalfeld	60 min
RB 77	Naumburg Ost – Naumburg – Freyburg – Laucha – Nebra – Wangen	60 min