Rufiji is one of the six districts of the Pwani Region of Tanzania. It is bordered to the north by the Kisarawe and Mkuranga Districts, to the east by the Indian Ocean, to the south by the Kilwa District, Lindi Region and to the west by the Morogoro Region. The district capital is the town of Utete on the southern banks of the Rufiji River.

The district name comes from the Rufiji River which runs through the district. The main ethnic groups that originate from the district are the Matumbi and Rufiji people. In the north is home to the Ndengereko people and on the delta are the Nyagatwa People.

According to the 2022 Tanzania National Census, the population of the Rufiji District was 159,906.

The Rufiji District is administratively divided into 19 wards:

1. Bungu
2. Chumbi
3. Ikwiriri
4. Kibiti
5. Kiongoroni
6. Mahege
7. Maparoni
8. Mbuchi
9. Mbwara
10. Mchukwi
11. Mgomba
12. Mkongo
13. Mtunda
14. Mwaseni
15. Ngorongo
16. Ruaruke
17. Salale
18. Umwe
19. Utete
20. Kilimani
21. Kipugila
22. Ngorongo

• Rufiji Leprosy Trust

7°57′27″S 38°43′36″E / 7.9575°S 38.7266°E / -7.9575; 38.7266