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  • 21 Aug, 2019

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Template:Syrian Civil War Infobox
Permanently protected template
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Syrian civil war
Part of the First Arab Spring, the Arab Winter, the Second Arab Spring, the Iraqi civil war, the war against the Islamic State, the war on terror, the Kurdish–Turkish and Arab–Israeli conflicts; and the Iran–Turkey, Iran–Israel, Iran–Saudi, Qatar–Saudi and Russia–U.S. proxy wars

Military situation as of 7 February 2025 at 2:00 pm ET
Syrian transitional government:
  Syrian Armed Forces
  Arab defectors from the SDF
  Southern Operations Room[1][2]
  Syrian National Army[3] and Turkish occupation[4][5]
  Syrian Free Army[6]
Autonomous Administration of
North and East Syria:
  Syrian Democratic Forces and American occupation
Others:
  Russian occupation
  American occupation
  Israeli occupation[a]
  Local governance
(full list of factions, detailed map)
Date15 March 2011 (2011-03-15)[b] – present[c]
(13 years, 10 months, 3 weeks and 4 days)
Location
Syria (with spillovers in neighboring countries)
Status Ongoing
Belligerents
Full list of factions
Casualties and losses
Total deaths
580,000[17]–617,910+[18]
Civilian deaths
219,223–306,887+[d][19][20]
Displaced people

References

  1. ^ The Israeli occupation of the Golan Heights is shown in light grey. The Golan Heights has been under de facto Israeli control since 1967. Israeli sovereignty was recognized by the United States in 2019, but is not recognized by the United Nations or any member states except the United States and Israel.[7][8]
  2. ^ Attributed to multiple sources:[9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16]
  3. ^ With Ba'athist regime prevailing, the hostilities were mostly put on hold between 6 March 2020 and 27 November 2024, when the Syrian opposition launched a campaign of quick successful military offensives in Northwestern Syria, toppling the Assad regime on 8 December. Further fate of the ongoing conflict remains uncertain.
  4. ^ 88% of whom were killed by government or Russian forces, according to the SOHR[18]
  1. ^ Sources:
    • "Syria authorities say armed groups have agreed to disband". Arab News. 24 December 2024. Archived from the original on 25 December 2024.
    • Hamidi, Ibrahim (25 December 2024). "Four key challenges for Syria's new government". Al Majalla. Archived from the original on 25 December 2024.
    • "Syria says ex-rebel groups agree to integrate under Defence Ministry". Al Jazeera. 24 December 2024. Archived from the original on 26 December 2024.
  2. ^ Sources:
  3. ^ "Syrian Leader Ahmed Al-Sharaa Delivers 'Victory Speech,' Outlines Syria's Future Roadmap, Announces Dissolution Of Ba'ath Party, Armed Factions Into New 'Syrian Army'; Military Operations Command Declares Al-Sharaa President Of Syria During Transitional Phase". MEMRI. Retrieved 29 January 2025.
  4. ^ "Syrian Interim Government (SIG) Prime Minister Congratulates President Ahmed Al-Sharaa, Puts SIG Resources At His Government's Disposal". MEMRI. Retrieved 2025-02-04.
  5. ^ "Mustafa Places Interim Government at the Disposal of the Syrian State". Syrian Observer. 2025-02-05.
  6. ^ "Iran Update > Syria". The Institute for the study of War. 4 February 2025. Retrieved 5 February 2025. US-backed Free Syrian Army (FSA) Commander Salem Antari, who controls US-backed "Free Syrian Army" forces in the al Tanf zone, stated on February 3 that the FSA is negotiating with the interim government to integrate into the interim Defense Ministry. Antari added that the FSA is prepared to assume any duties assigned to it by the new Defense Ministry.
  7. ^ "Golan Heights: Trump signs order recognising occupied area as Israeli". BBC News. 25 March 2019.
  8. ^ "The Golan Heights: What's at Stake With Trump's Recognition". www.cfr.org. Council on Foreign Relations. 28 March 2019.
  9. ^ "Syrian Civil War Enters 10th Year". Voice of America. RFE/RL. 2020-03-15. Archived from the original on Apr 3, 2024.
  10. ^ "Syria: Grim 10-year anniversary of 'unimaginable violence and indignities'". UN News. 2021-03-15. Archived from the original on Mar 13, 2024.
  11. ^ Sherlock, Ruth; Neuman, Scott; Homsi, Nada (March 15, 2021). "Syria's Civil War Started A Decade Ago. Here's Where It Stands". NPR. Archived from the original on Apr 18, 2024.
  12. ^ Ozcan, Ethem Emre (March 14, 2021). "10 years since start of Syrian civil war". Anadolu Ajansı. Archived from the original on Nov 26, 2023.
  13. ^ Romey, Kristin (March 9, 2022). "11 years into Syria's civil war, this is what everyday life looks like". National Geographic. Photographs by Keo, William. Archived from the original on 9 Mar 2022.
  14. ^ "Twelve years on from the beginning of Syria's war". Al Jazeera. 15 Mar 2023. Archived from the original on Jul 3, 2024.
  15. ^ Nawaz, Amna; Warsi, Zeba; Cebrián Aranda, Teresa (2023-03-15). "Syrians mark 12 years of civil war with no end in sight". PBS News. Archived from the original on Jun 20, 2024.
  16. ^ "Why has the Syrian war lasted 12 years?". BBC News. 2016-03-15. Archived from the original on Jul 4, 2024.
  17. ^ "Syria". GCR2P. 1 December 2022. Archived from the original on 28 January 2023.
  18. ^ a b "Syrian Revolution 13 years on | Nearly 618,000 persons killed since the onset of the revolution in March 2011". Syrian Observatory for Human Rights. 15 March 2024. Retrieved 15 March 2024.
  19. ^ "UN Human Rights Office estimates more than 306,000 civilians were killed over 10 years in Syria conflict". United Nations. 28 June 2022. Retrieved 23 April 2023.
  20. ^ "Civilian Deaths in the Syrian Arab Republic: Report of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights". United Nations. 28 June 2022. Archived from the original on 28 June 2022. Over the past ten years, civilians have borne the brunt of the conflict, with an estimated 306,887 direct civilian deaths occurring.
  21. ^ "Syria emergency". United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR).

Bibliography

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