Al-'Ulmaniyya
History
In 1596 it appeared in the Ottoman tax registers, as being in the nahiyah ("subdistrict") of Jira, part of the Liwa ("district") of Safad. It had a population of 8 Households and 2 bachelors; an estimated 55 persons, all Muslim. They paid a fixed tax-rate of 25% on agricultural products, including wheat, barley, vegetable and fruit garden, orchards, goats and beehives, in addition to occasional revenues and water buffaloes; a total of 2,559 Akçe. All of the revenue went to a Waqf.
In 1881, the PEF's Survey of Western Palestine noted at Kh. Almaniyeh: "A few cattle-sheds and traces of ruins".
British Mandate era
In the 1922 census of Palestine conducted by the British Mandate authorities, 'Almaniyeh had a population of 122 Muslims, increasing in the 1931 census, when it was counted together with Zubeid, to 432; 5 Christians and 427 Muslims, in a total of 100 houses.
In the 1945 statistics the village had a population of 260 Muslims with 1,169 dunams of land. Of this, 1,135 dunams were used for cereals, while the built-up areas of the village amounted to 9 dunams.
1948, aftermath
Al-'Ulmaniyya became depopulated on April 20, 1948, after a military assault by Yishuv forces.
Yesud ha-Ma’ala is 2.5 km southeast of the village site.
In 1992 the village site was described: "The site is thickly wooded with eucalyptus trees, making it difficult to discern any remains of the village. Work is proceeding on street construction for Lake al-Hula's nature preservation area. Some of the surrounding lands are cultivated, but most have either been made part of the preservation area or are marshland."
References
- ^ Morris, 2004, p. xvi, village #30. Also gives cause of depopulation.
- ^ Palmer, 1881, p. 82
- ^ Department of Statistics, 1945, p. 11
- ^ Government of Palestine, Department of Statistics. Village Statistics, April, 1945. Quoted in Hadawi, 1970, p. 71 Archived 2011-06-04 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ Hütteroth and Abdulfattah, 1977, p.178
- ^ Khalidi, 1992, p. 501
- ^ Note that Rhode, 1979, p. 6 Archived 2019-04-20 at the Wayback Machine writes that the register that Hütteroth and Abdulfattah studied was not from 1595/6, but from 1548/9
- ^ Conder and Kitchener, 1881, SWP I, p. 235
- ^ Barron, 1923, Table XI, Sub-district of Safad, p. 42
- ^ Mills, 1932, p. 111
- ^ Government of Palestine, Department of Statistics. Village Statistics, April, 1945. Quoted in Hadawi, 1970, p. 121 Archived 2018-09-26 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ Government of Palestine, Department of Statistics. Village Statistics, April, 1945. Quoted in Hadawi, 1970, p. 171 Archived 2018-09-26 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ Morris, 2004, p. 249, note #684, p. 302
- ^ Khalidi, 1992, p. 502
Bibliography
- Barron, J. B., ed. (1923). Palestine: Report and General Abstracts of the Census of 1922. Government of Palestine.
- Conder, C.R.; Kitchener, H.H. (1881). The Survey of Western Palestine: Memoirs of the Topography, Orography, Hydrography, and Archaeology. Vol. 1. London: Committee of the Palestine Exploration Fund.
- Department of Statistics (1945). Village Statistics, April, 1945. Government of Palestine.
- Hadawi, S. (1970). Village Statistics of 1945: A Classification of Land and Area ownership in Palestine. Palestine Liberation Organization Research Centre. Archived from the original on 2018-12-08. Retrieved 2009-08-18.
- Hütteroth, W.-D.; Abdulfattah, K. (1977). Historical Geography of Palestine, Transjordan and Southern Syria in the Late 16th Century. Erlanger Geographische Arbeiten, Sonderband 5. Erlangen, Germany: Vorstand der Fränkischen Geographischen Gesellschaft. ISBN 3-920405-41-2.
- Khalidi, W. (1992). All That Remains:The Palestinian Villages Occupied and Depopulated by Israel in 1948. Washington D.C.: Institute for Palestine Studies. ISBN 0-88728-224-5.
- Mills, E., ed. (1932). Census of Palestine 1931. Population of Villages, Towns and Administrative Areas. Jerusalem: Government of Palestine.
- Morris, B. (2004). The Birth of the Palestinian Refugee Problem Revisited. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-00967-6.
- Palmer, E.H. (1881). The Survey of Western Palestine: Arabic and English Name Lists Collected During the Survey by Lieutenants Conder and Kitchener, R. E. Transliterated and Explained by E.H. Palmer. Committee of the Palestine Exploration Fund.
- Rhode, H. (1979). Administration and Population of the Sancak of Safed in the Sixteenth Century. Columbia University. Archived from the original on 2020-03-01. Retrieved 2017-12-16.
External links
- Welcome To al-'Ulmaniyya
- al-'Ulmaniyya, Zochrot
- al-‘Ulmaniyya
- Survey of Western Palestine, Map 4: IAA, Wikimedia commons
