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  • 21 Aug, 2019

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Baliracq-Maumusson

Baliracq-Maumusson (French pronunciation: [baliʁak momysɔ̃]; Occitan: Valirac e Maumosson) is a commune of the Pyrénées-Atlantiques department in the Nouvelle-Aquitaine region of south-western France.

Geography

Baliracq-Maumusson is located some 45 km east by north-east of Orthez and 20 km south of Aire-sur-l'Adour. Access to the commune is by the D211 road from Lannecaube in the south which passes through the length of the commune along the eastern side to join the D41 just north of the commune. Access to the village of Baliracq is by Le Moulin road branching from the D211. The commune is mixed forest and farmland.

The Lées river forms the eastern border of the commune as it flows north to join the Adour near Aire-sur-l'Adour. The Gabassot forms the northern border of the commune as it flows east into the Lées. Two other streams rise in the commune and flow into the Lées.

Places and hamlets

  • Arnathau
  • Baliracq
  • Bitaillou
  • Bouquehort
  • Bourdé
  • Campagne
  • Castéra
  • Crédey
  • Florence
  • Gayas
  • Hau
  • Hilletou
  • La Hount
  • Lafon
  • Lanne
  • Laroujat
  • Lescribau
  • Maufinet
  • Maumusson
  • Miqueu
  • Mombet
  • Moncade
  • Mounicou
  • Mourette
  • Naba
  • Pédeuboscq
  • Pédélatour
  • Pillou
  • Pourrio
  • Sansot
  • Tardan

Neighbouring communes and villages

Toponymy

According to Michel Grosclaude the name Baliracq probably came from a Latin man's name Valerus with the Gallo-Roman suffix -acum giving the "Domain of Valerus". For Maumusson he proposed a Gascon man's name: the nickname mau meaning "bad" combined with mus meaning "nose" and the suffix -on giving "unfriendly" or "sullen".

The following table details the origins of the commune name and other names in the commune.

Name Spelling Date Source Page Origin Description
Baliracq Saint-Félix de Balirac 10th century Raymond
20
Marca Village
Vallirag 1100 Grosclaude
Valliracum 1100 Grosclaude
Balirag 1443 Raymond
20
Carresse
Baliracq 1750 Cassini
Balirac 1801 Ldh/EHESS/Cassini Bulletin des lois
Balirac 1863 Raymond
20
Maumusson Maumusson 1750 Cassini Village
Maumussou 1774 Raymond
110
Terrier
Castéra Casterar 1542 Raymond
44
Reformation Farm

Sources:

Origins:

  • Marca: Pierre de Marca, History of Béarn.
  • Carresse:
  • Terrier: Terrier of Baliracq, E 177
  • Reformation: Reformation of Béarn

History

Paul Raymond noted on page 20 of his 1863 dictionary that Baliracq was a vassal of the Viscounts of Béarn.

The communes of Baliracq and Maumusson were merged in 1828.

Administration

List of Successive Mayors

Mayors from the French Revolution to 1933
From To Name
1792 1795 Jean Sansot
1792 1796 Pierre Sartou
1795 1797 Jean Sarraille
1796 1797 Jacques Monsegu-Castera
1797 1798 Raymond Peyroutel
1797 1798 Pierre Sartou
1798 1803 Jean Sarraille
1798 1799 Pierre Miqueu
1799 1805 Pierre Boucahort
1803 1826 Germain Florence
1805 1808 Pascal Florence
1808 1809 Jean Borie
1809 1811 Jean Manaud
1811 1812 Jean Borie
1812 1813 Fils Lescriba
1813 1817 Jean Borie
1817 1821 Jean Manaud
1821 1835 Jean Fils Manaud
1835 1837 Jean Pierre Sarthou
1837 1840 Adrien Alexandre de Malden
1841 1848 Jean Manaud
1848 1882 Henry Croedey
1882 1888 Pierre Mirande
1888 1894 Jean Sansous
1894 1896 Bernard Castet
1896 1900 Jean Sansous
1900 1925 Charles Sansous
1925 1929 Jacques Cassoulong
1929 1933 Max Croedey
The Town Hall in Baliracq
Mayors from 1933
From To Name
1933 1944 Jacques Cassoulong
1944 1944 Charles Honoré
1944 1947 Jean Barreyat
1947 1989 Albert Sansous
1989 2014 Yvan Duviau
2014 2026 Sylvain Sergent

Inter-communality

The commune is part of six inter-communal structures:

  • the Communauté de communes des Luys en Béarn;
  • the SIVU for roads in the Garlin region;
  • the SIVU for the Lées and its tributaries;
  • the Energy association of Pyrénées-Atlantiques;
  • the inter-communal association for the supply of drinking water for Luy-Gabas-Lées;
  • the inter-communal association of Five Rivers;

Demography

The inhabitants of the commune are known as Baliracois or Baliracoises in French.

Historical population
YearPop.±% p.a.
1793 281—    
1800 314+1.60%
1806 342+1.43%
1821 364+0.42%
1831 410+1.20%
1836 405−0.25%
1841 386−0.96%
1846 411+1.26%
1851 401−0.49%
1856 368−1.70%
1861 341−1.51%
1866 335−0.35%
1872 325−0.50%
1876 323−0.15%
1881 309−0.88%
1886 303−0.39%
1891 267−2.50%
1896 248−1.47%
YearPop.±% p.a.
1901 231−1.41%
1906 256+2.08%
1911 217−3.25%
1921 196−1.01%
1926 188−0.83%
1931 184−0.43%
1936 198+1.48%
1946 183−0.78%
1954 174−0.63%
1962 149−1.92%
1968 123−3.15%
1975 111−1.46%
1982 124+1.59%
1990 113−1.15%
1999 115+0.20%
2007 126+1.15%
2012 145+2.85%
2017 122−3.40%
Source: EHESS and INSEE

Culture and heritage

Civil heritage

The commune has a number of buildings and structures that are registered as historical monuments:

  • A Mill at Baliracq (1764)
  • A Farmhouse at Baliracq-Bouquehort (19th century)
  • The Coussié House at Maumusson-Tardan (1742)
  • The Castéra House at Baliracq-Castéra (1742)
  • The Lafon House at Maumusson-Crédey (17th century)
  • The Sansot House at Maumusson-Sansot (19th century)
  • The Chateau de Milly at Maumusson-Florence (18th century)
  • Houses and Farms (18th-19th century)
  • A Fortified Area (Middle Ages)
  • A Fortified Complex (Prehistoric). At a place called Castera the topography has been visibly altered by the hand of man as evidenced by the presence of an ancient fortified complex with major embankments and a circular walkway which is still visible. This could be for high wooden stakes joined together because no stone remains have been found. The works could therefore date to the high Middle Ages although there could be prehistoric remains.

Religious heritage

The Parish Church of Saint Peter

The Parish Church of Saint Peter (11th century) is registered as an historical monument. The Church contains many items that are registered as historical objects:

  • An Altar, Tabernacle, and Statue (19th century)
  • 2 Statues: Saints Felix and Peter (18th century)
  • A Tabernacle (17th century)
  • An Altar Painting: Remission of the keys to Saint Peter (19th century)
  • An Altar and Retable (1844)
  • Wood Panelling (1844)
  • A Wayside Cross (19th century)
  • An Altar Vase (20th century)
  • A Monstrance (18th century)
  • An Altar Candlestick (19th century)
  • 6 Altar Candlesticks (18th century)
  • A Thurible
  • A Celebrant's Chair (18th century)
  • A Stoup (1822)
  • A Pulpit (18th century)
  • A Confessional (18th century)
  • The Choir Enclosure (1840)

See also

References

  1. ^ "Répertoire national des élus: les maires" (in French). data.gouv.fr, Plateforme ouverte des données publiques françaises. 13 September 2022.
  2. ^ "Populations légales 2021" (in French). The National Institute of Statistics and Economic Studies. 28 December 2023.
  3. ^ Google Maps
  4. ^ Ministry of Culture, Mérimée IA00026195 Farmhouse at Baliracq-Bouquehort (in French)
  5. ^ Ministry of Culture, Mérimée IA00026193 Castéra House at Baliracq-Castéra (in French)
  6. ^ Ministry of Culture, Mérimée IA00026192 Lafon House at Maumusson-Crédey (in French)
  7. ^ Ministry of Culture, Mérimée IA00026190 Chateau de Milly at Maumusson-Florence (in French)
  8. ^ Ministry of Culture, Mérimée IA00026191 Sansot House at Maumusson-Sansot (in French)
  9. ^ Ministry of Culture, Mérimée IA00026194 Coussié House at Maumusson-Tardan (in French)
  10. ^ Géoportail, IGN (in French)
  11. ^ Michel Grosclaude, Toponymic Dictionary of communes, Béarn, Edicions reclams & Édition Cairn - 2006, 416 pages, p. 99 & 106, ISBN 2-35068-005-3(in French)
  12. ^ Topographic Dictionary of the Department of Basses-Pyrenees, Paul Raymond, Imprimerie nationale, 1863, Digitised from Lyon Public Library 15 June 2011 (in French)
  13. ^ Cassini Map 1750 – Baliracq-Maumusson
  14. ^ Pierre de Marca, Histoire de Bearn, La Veuve Jean Camusat, 1640, 850 pages (in French)
  15. ^ Contracts retained by Carresse, Notary of Béarn, Manuscripts from the 15th century in the Departmental Archives of Pyrénées-Atlantiques (in French)
  16. ^ Manuscript from the 16th to 18th centuries - Departmental Archives of Pyrénées-Atlantiques (in French)
  17. ^ List of Mayors of France (in French)
  18. ^ Pyrénées-Atlantiques, habitants.fr
  19. ^ Des villages de Cassini aux communes d'aujourd'hui: Commune data sheet Baliracq-Maumusson, EHESS (in French).
  20. ^ Population en historique depuis 1968, INSEE
  21. ^ Ministry of Culture, Mérimée IA00027435 Mill at Baliracq (in French)
  22. ^ Ministry of Culture, Mérimée IA00026189 Houses and Farms (in French)
  23. ^ Ministry of Culture, Mérimée IA00026188 Fortified Area (in French)
  24. ^ Ministry of Culture, Mérimée IA00026187 Fortified Complex (in French)
  25. ^ Ministry of Culture, Mérimée IA00026196 Parish Church of Saint Peter (in French)
  26. ^ Ministry of Culture, Palissy IM64001601 Altar, Tabernacle, and Statue (in French)
  27. ^ Ministry of Culture, Palissy IM64001600 2 Statues: Saints Felix and Peter (in French)
  28. ^ Ministry of Culture, Palissy IM64001599 Tabernacle (in French)
  29. ^ Ministry of Culture, Palissy IM64001598 Altar Painting: Remission of the keys to Saint Peter (in French)
  30. ^ Ministry of Culture, Palissy IM64001597 Altar and Retable (in French)
  31. ^ Ministry of Culture, Palissy IM64001596 Wood Panelling (in French)
  32. ^ Ministry of Culture, Palissy IM64001584 Wayside Cross (in French)
  33. ^ Ministry of Culture, Palissy IM64001583 Altar Vase (in French)
  34. ^ Ministry of Culture, Palissy IM64001582 Monstrance (in French)
  35. ^ Ministry of Culture, Palissy IM64001581 Altar Candlestick (in French)
  36. ^ Ministry of Culture, Palissy IM64001580 6 Altar Candlesticks (in French)
  37. ^ Ministry of Culture, Palissy IM64001579 Thurible (in French)
  38. ^ Ministry of Culture, Palissy IM64001578 Celebrant's Chair (in French)
  39. ^ Ministry of Culture, Palissy IM64001577 Stoup (in French)
  40. ^ Ministry of Culture, Palissy IM64001576 Pulpit (in French)
  41. ^ Ministry of Culture, Palissy IM64001575 Confessional (in French)
  42. ^ Ministry of Culture, Palissy IM64001574 Choir Enclosure (in French)