Dowell is a village in Jackson County, Illinois, United States. The population was 368 at the 2020 census, down from 408 at the 2010 census.

Dowell was founded as a coal town and named by Du Quoin attorney George Dowell and William Lafont. They requested bids for property development as early as 1917. In 1922, the town's population was over 2,000.

In February 1920, the Dowell State Bank was opened in the town. Town founders George Dowell and William Lafont were among the first directors of the bank. It was the scene of a bank robbery on September 30, 1924. The bank closed in 1932 following embezzlement charges against its president, William Lafont.

In late 1920, construction began on a railroad depot serving the Illinois Central Railroad.

Coal mining brought many eastern European immigrants to the village, including Rusyns. At one time there was a Russian Orthodox church which is now closed- the area is still served by the Holy Protection Church church in nearby Royalton.

The town has supported miners from local coal mines. The Kathleen Coal Mine was located northeast of the village. It was opened and operated by the Union Colliery Company. It was the scene of a disaster in 1921 and again in 1936. In early 1937, it was the largest producing mine in Jackson county, producing over 5,000 tons of coal per day and employing over 500 men.

The mine was closed in November 1946 after the coal vein was no longer accessible. On the site as of December 2021 is Cobin's Salvage Yard. There are few remaining signs of the mine that once built the village of Dowell. A small concrete structure, the mine tipple, is the only structure that remains from the mine.

A second mine, known as the "New Kathleen", was opened in January 1946. This second mine closed by 1958., Land scars are still visible from this mine.

The town hosted a baseball team that consisted of players who worked in the Kathleen Mine. The team was named the Dowell Kathleens. They occasionally played against the St. Louis Browns, a professional team, as well as the Belleville Stags, a minor league team.

With the departure of the Kathleen Mine, Dowell has become a quiet residential community. The mine has been suspected of causing sinkholes in the village.

Historical population

Census	Pop.	Note	%±
1920	422		—
1930	832		97.2%
1940	704		−15.4%
1950	616		−12.5%
1960	453		−26.5%
1970	423		−6.6%
1980	480		13.5%
1990	465		−3.1%
2000	441		−5.2%
2010	408		−7.5%
2020	385		−5.6%
U.S. Decennial Census

As of the 2020 census there were 368 people, 158 households, and 93 families residing in the village. The population density was 941.18 inhabitants per square mile (363.39/km). There were 191 housing units at an average density of 488.49 per square mile (188.61/km). The racial makeup of the village was 89.40% White, 2.17% African American, 0.82% Native American, 0.27% Asian, 0.00% Pacific Islander, 0.82% from other races, and 6.52% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.63% of the population.

There were 158 households, out of which 12.7% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 45.57% were married couples living together, 6.96% had a female householder with no husband present, and 41.14% were non-families. 25.32% of all households were made up of individuals, and 11.39% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.69 and the average family size was 2.25.

The village's age distribution consisted of 13.8% under the age of 18, 16.3% from 18 to 24, 27.3% from 25 to 44, 24.4% from 45 to 64, and 18.3% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 39.1 years. For every 100 females, there were 104.6 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 108.8 males.

The median income for a household in the village was $36,111, and the median income for a family was $36,250. Males had a median income of $25,833 versus $21,250 for females. The per capita income for the village was $19,340. About 20.4% of families and 25.3% of the population were below the poverty line, including 63.3% of those under age 18 and 9.2% of those age 65 or over.

Dowell is located in northeastern Jackson County at 37°56′22″N 89°14′22″W / 37.93944°N 89.23944°W / 37.93944; -89.23944 (37.939545, -89.239553). U.S. Route 51 passes through the eastern side of the village, leading south 9 miles (14 km) to De Soto and north 5 miles (8 km) to Du Quoin.

According to the 2021 census gazetteer files, Dowell has a total area of 0.39 square miles (1.01 km), of which 0.39 square miles (1.01 km) (or 99.74%) is land and 0.00 square miles (0.00 km) (or 0.26%) is water.

• Rudolph Wanderone Jr. (a.k.a. Minnesota Fats), noted billiards player, Wanderone met and married his first wife, Evelyn Graff. A Dowell resident, she was a waitress at a Du Quoins steakhouse, The Perfection Club. They married two months after they met and resided in Dowell for several years.

• Minnesota Fats stories