Sarpy County is a county located in the U.S. state of Nebraska. As of the 2020 census, the population was 190,604, making it the third-most populous county in Nebraska. Its county seat is Papillion.

Sarpy County is part of the Omaha-Council Bluffs, NE-IA Metropolitan Statistical Area.

This was part of the territory of the Omaha people. Explored in 1805 by the Lewis and Clark expedition following the Louisiana Purchase of 1803 by the United States, this area was settled by European-American fur traders, adventurers, farmers, and finally, entrepreneurs. All initially depended on the Missouri River as a main transportation corridor and source of water. Sarpy County has served as the springboard for Nebraska's settlement and expansion. The county is named for Colonel Peter Sarpy, an early fur trader at Fontenelle's Post in the Bellevue area in the 1840s. He also had Sarpy's post in what became Decatur; Sarpy died in Plattsmouth in 1865.

The area of present Sarpy County was a part of Douglas County until February 1, 1857, when the Territorial Legislature partitioned off that county's southern half and proclaimed it a separate organization.

The Omaha people were forced onto a reservation in the 19th century, losing most of their land to the United States who then opened it for settlement by non-Native Americans who were U.S. citizens or immigrants from certain (mostly European) countries.

Fort Crook, the U.S. Army post south of Bellevue, was established in the 1890s and added Offutt Field in the 1920s. Its Glenn L. Martin Bomber Plant produced over two thousand aircraft during World War II, including the notable B-29's Enola Gay and Bockscar. Offutt Air Force Base was the headquarters of the Strategic Air Command (SAC) during the Cold War and continues as the home of U.S. Strategic Command.

In the Nebraska license plate system, Sarpy County was represented by the prefix "59" (it had the 59th largest number of vehicles registered in the county when the license plate system was established in 1922). Many license plates issued in Sarpy County featured the stacked format of the 59 code. The county, just south of Omaha, had grown significantly in population in the decades following 1922 and therefore required five characters rather than the four allowed by a standard double-digit county code. In 2002, the state discontinued the 1922 system in Sarpy as well as Douglas and Lancaster counties.

Sarpy County is bounded on the east by the Missouri River; on the south and west by the Platte River. The county's terrain consists of low rolling hills, cut by several small gullies and drainages that move groundwater to one of these rivers. The county has a total area of 248 square miles (640 km), of which 239 square miles (620 km) is land and 8.5 square miles (22 km) (3.4%) is water. Sarpy is the smallest of Nebraska's 93 counties.

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Historical population

Census	Pop.	Note	%±
1860	1,201		—
1870	2,913		142.5%
1880	4,481		53.8%
1890	6,875		53.4%
1900	9,080		32.1%
1910	9,274		2.1%
1920	9,370		1.0%
1930	10,402		11.0%
1940	10,835		4.2%
1950	15,693		44.8%
1960	31,281		99.3%
1970	63,696		103.6%
1980	86,015		35.0%
1990	102,583		19.3%
2000	122,595		19.5%
2010	158,840		29.6%
2020	190,604		20.0%
2023 (est.)	199,886		4.9%
U.S. Decennial Census 1790-1960 1900-1990 1990-2000 2010–2020

As of the 2020 census, there were 190,604 people. The population density was 768 people per square mile (297 people/km). The racial makeup of the county was 78.4% White, 4.6% Black or Black or African American, 0.9% Native American, 2.8% Asian, 0.1% Native Hawaiian and Pacific Islander, and 3.4% from two or more races. 11.3% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race.

As of the 2010 census, there were 158,835 people and 69,851 households. The population density was 664 people per square mile (256 people/km). There were 69,023 housing units at an average density of 289 units per square mile (112/km). The racial makeup of the county was 89.0% White, 4.4% Black or Black or African American, 0.7% Native American, 2.60% Asian, 0.1% Native Hawaiian and Pacific Islander, and 3.20% from two or more races . 9.4% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race.

As of the 2000 census, there were 122,595 people, 43,426 households, and 33,220 families in the county. The population density was 510 people per square mile (200 people/km). There were 44,981 housing units at an average density of 187 units per square mile (72/km). The racial makeup of the county was 89.18% White, 4.36% Black or African American, 0.42% Native American, 1.90% Asian, 0.09% Pacific Islander, 1.86% from other races, and 2.20% from two or more races. 4.37% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race.

There were 43,426 households, out of which 43.00% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 63.80% were married couples living together, 9.60% had a female householder with no husband present, and 23.50% were non-families. 18.40% of all households were made up of individuals, and 4.70% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.79 and the average family size was 3.21.

The county population contained 30.50% under the age of 18, 9.40% from 18 to 24, 33.80% from 25 to 44, 19.70% from 45 to 64, and 6.60% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 32 years. For every 100 females there were 98.80 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 96.20 males.

The median income for a household in the county was $53,804, and the median income for a family was $59,723. Males had a median income of $37,230 versus $26,816 for females. The per capita income for the county was $21,985. About 3.10% of families and 4.20% of the population were below the poverty line, including 5.30% of those under age 18 and 3.30% of those age 65 or over.

The Sarpy County Sheriff's Department is responsible for enforcing the law within the unincorporated areas of the county. By contract, the department is also responsible for enforcing the law within the city limits of Gretna and Springfield. The cities of Bellevue, La Vista, and Papillion have their own city Police Departments which are primarily responsible for law enforcement within their respective city limits. The Sheriff's Department has secondary responsibility for law enforcement within these three cities, providing essentials such as backup support.

The Sarpy County Law Enforcement Center, built in 1989, is located within the campus of the Sarpy County Courthouse in Papillion. It houses the county's jail facility and the Sarpy County Public Defender's Office. The Bellevue and LaVista City Police Departments also have their own holding cells. The county jail was designed to hold 148 people, but the facility frequently holds more than that number. Fire protection and emergency medical services are provided by a mix of seven full-career, part-time paid, military, and all-volunteer fire departments, representing various municipalities within the county, plus Offutt Air Force Base.

Sarpy County voters have generally voted Republican in national politics. In only one national election since 1948 has the county selected the Democratic Party candidate (as of 2020). Since 1964, only two Democrats - Barack Obama in 2008 and Joe Biden in 2020 have received at least 40 percent of the county's vote. From 1968 to 2016, Republicans always carried Sarpy County by at least 21 points with the exception of a slight drop to 16 points in 2008. However, in 2020, Republican candidate Donald Trump beat Biden only by 11 points, a 92-year low for a winning Republican candidate. In 2024, Sarpy County very narrowly voted for Dan Osborn, an Independent, over incumbent Republican Senator Deb Fischer in the 2024 Senate race; no Democrat filed for this race.

As of December 2020, Republicans hold a plurality in the county voter registration.

Registered voters by party in Sarpy County on December 1, 2020

Democratic	Republican	Libertarian	Non-Partisan	Total
33,172 (27.14%)	54,133 (44.3%)	2,217 (1.81%)	32,687 (26.75%)	122,209 (100%)

United States presidential election results for Sarpy County, Nebraska

Year	Republican		Democratic		Third party(ies)
	No.	%	No.	%	No.	%
2020	51,979	54.04%	41,206	42.84%	3,008	3.13%
2016	45,143	56.02%	28,033	34.79%	7,404	9.19%
2012	43,213	60.45%	26,671	37.31%	1,606	2.25%
2008	38,816	57.06%	28,010	41.18%	1,196	1.76%
2004	40,163	68.85%	17,455	29.92%	716	1.23%
2000	28,979	64.00%	14,637	32.33%	1,662	3.67%
1996	23,023	57.74%	12,806	32.11%	4,048	10.15%
1992	20,516	50.44%	10,741	26.41%	9,416	23.15%
1988	20,192	64.54%	10,947	34.99%	146	0.47%
1984	20,192	74.34%	6,838	25.18%	130	0.48%
1980	15,552	67.03%	5,689	24.52%	1,961	8.45%
1976	11,917	60.44%	7,385	37.46%	414	2.10%
1972	11,514	74.68%	3,904	25.32%	0	0.00%
1968	6,019	52.48%	3,506	30.57%	1,945	16.96%
1964	4,418	44.18%	5,581	55.82%	0	0.00%
1960	4,672	55.30%	3,777	44.70%	0	0.00%
1956	3,826	60.47%	2,501	39.53%	0	0.00%
1952	3,649	59.06%	2,529	40.94%	0	0.00%
1948	2,367	47.32%	2,635	52.68%	0	0.00%
1944	2,641	49.88%	2,654	50.12%	0	0.00%
1940	2,165	46.04%	2,537	53.96%	0	0.00%
1936	1,569	33.75%	3,030	65.18%	50	1.08%
1932	1,148	26.52%	3,112	71.89%	69	1.59%
1928	2,011	51.04%	1,900	48.22%	29	0.74%
1924	1,411	38.86%	1,247	34.34%	973	26.80%
1920	1,662	59.78%	1,027	36.94%	91	3.27%
1916	885	39.19%	1,320	58.46%	53	2.35%
1912	404	22.53%	857	47.80%	532	29.67%
1908	912	44.08%	1,090	52.68%	67	3.24%
1904	998	53.68%	675	36.31%	186	10.01%
1900	792	41.08%	1,090	56.54%	46	2.39%
1896	674	35.18%	1,183	61.74%	59	3.08%
1892	582	39.17%	351	23.62%	553	37.21%
1888	658	41.00%	875	54.52%	72	4.49%
1884	616	49.32%	610	48.84%	23	1.84%
1880	491	47.86%	516	50.29%	19	1.85%

Sarpy County is divided into the following divisions, called precincts, except for the City of Bellevue.

The population ranking of the following table is based on the 2020 census of Sarpy County.

† county seat

Rank	Municipality	Municipal type	Population (2022 Estimate)	Population (2020 Census)
1	Bellevue	City	63,015	64,176
2	† Papillion	City	23,794	24,159
3	La Vista	City	16,379	16,746
4	Chalco	CDP	—	11,064
5	Gretna	City	9,071	5,083
6	Offutt AFB	CDP	—	5,363
7	Springfield	City	1,503	1,501
8	Melia	CDP	—	98
9	Beacon View	CDP	—	55
10	La Platte	CDP	—	50
11	Linoma Beach	CDP	—	43
12	Richfield	CDP	—	42

• National Register of Historic Places listings in Sarpy County, Nebraska

• Sarpy County Nebraska Website
• Sarpy County Chamber of Commerce
• Sarpy County Museum
• Sarpy County Tourism

41°07′N 96°07′W / 41.11°N 96.11°W / 41.11; -96.11